What is the Point-to-Point Protocol and how does it work?

by | Mar 9, 2017 | CCNA, CCNP, CompTIA, Data Breaches and Prevention, Encryption, End Point Protection, Network Security, Security Fundamentals, VPN

PPP

What is the Point-to-Point Protocol?

Point-to-Point Protocol or PPP is a layer 2 or data link layer protocol that is used to establish a direct connection between two nodes in a network. It can provide authentication, encryption, and compression. This protocol is used to create a simple link between two peers in a network to transport packets.

PPP links are full-duplex and deliver packets in order. This protocol can be used for communications between hosts, bridges, routers, etc.

What is PPP Encapsulation?

Data from different network-layer protocols can be transferred using the same PPP link. Encapsulation makes this possible. PPP puts the data in a frame and transfers it using a PPP link. A frame is a unit of transmission in the data link layer of the OSI protocol stack. PPP uses frames to mark the beginning and end of the encapsulation.

A PPP frame contains the following three fields:

Protocol Field – The Protocol field indicates the protocol used in the frame. The protocol can be a Link Control Protocol, Password Authentication Protocol, Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (What is the Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP) and how does it work?), etc.

Information Field – It contains the datagram for the protocol as specified in the protocol field. A datagram is a unit of transmission in the network layer, and it is often encapsulated within one or more packets in the data link layer.

Padding – The information field may get padded by a number of octets in a frame.

How does PPP work?

In a Point-to-Point Protocol, a PPP link is established for communication in five phases as mentioned below:

Link Dead Phase

A PPP link begins or ends with a Link Dead Phase. When the physical layer is ready to be used, PPP proceeds with this phase and then transits to the next phase, the Link Establishment Phase. On the disconnection of a modem, the link returns to this phase.

Link Establishment Phase

Configure packets are exchanged during this phase. These configuration options can be dependent on …

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Amrita Mitra

Author

Ms. Amrita Mitra is an author, who has authored the books “Cryptography And Public Key Infrastructure“, “Web Application Vulnerabilities And Prevention“, “A Guide To Cyber Security” and “Phishing: Detection, Analysis And Prevention“. She is also the founder of Asigosec Technologies, the company that owns The Security Buddy.

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