What is the paired t-test?
Let’s say a teacher wants to determine whether the difficulty level of two tests on the same subject is the same. So, the teacher conducted the tests on 20 students on two consecutive days. And he measured the differences in the marks obtained on two tests by the same students. If we want to know whether the difference between the mean marks obtained by the group of students in the two consecutive tests are statistically significant, we can perform a paired t-test.
Please note that there are a few assumptions for a paired t-test. They are:
- The observations should be independent of each other.
- The distribution of the differences should be an approximately normal distribution.
- And each paired measurement should be obtained from the same subject. For example, in our example, each student should appear in both tests.
How to calculate the test statistic in a paired t-test?
Paired t-test using Python
We can use the following Python code to calculate the test statistic in a paired t-test. …






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