What are the different types of IPv6 addresses?

Tagged: IPv6

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- August 3, 2020 at 11:37 am #14012
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  What are the different types of IPv6 addresses?
- August 3, 2020 at 11:40 am #14013
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  IPv6 supports the following types of addresses:
  
  Unicast Addresses – A unicast address identifies a single interface. If an IPv6 packet contains a unicast address as the destination address, the packet is sent to the interface that is assigned that unicast address.
  
  There can be different types of unicast addresses.
  
  Unspecified Address – The IPv6 address 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 is called the unspecified address. This address is specified with the prefix ::/128. This address is used by a host when the host is initializing and has not yet learned its own address.
  
  Loopback Address – The IPv6 address 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 is called the loopback address. The loopback address is used by a host to send IPv6 packets to itself. This address is specified with the prefix ::1/128.
  
  Global Unicast Address – An IPv6 Global Unicast Address is a routable IPv6 address that can be routed by a router and is globally reachable on the IPv6 Internet. An IPv6 Global Unicast Address is equivalent to an IPv4 public IP address.
  
  IPv6 Address with Embedded IPv4 Address – IPv6 addresses are 128-bit long and IPv4 addresses are 32-bit long. Sometimes a 128-bit IPv6 address carries a 32-bit IPv4 address in ints lower 32 bits. These types of addresses are called IPv6 addresses with embedded IPv4 addresses. These embedded IPv4 addresses can be of two types – IPv4-compatible and IPv4-mapped addresses. Nowadays, IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses are used and these addresses have the prefix ::ffff/96.
  
  Link-Local IPv6 Address – A Link-local IPv6 address is used for a single link. Every IPv6 interface has a link-local IPv6 address. When a host boots up, the link-local address is assigned to its interface. Later, the interface may be assigned one IPv6 address manually or using a DHCP server. But, the interface will still have the link-local IPv6 address. Link-local IPv6 addresses have the prefix fe80::/10.
  
  Unique Local Address – In IPv6, Unique Local IPv6 Unicast Addresses are similar to private addresses in IPv4. These addresses are used for local communications. But, Unique Local IPv6 Unicast Addresses are globally unique, especially when used within a site. These addresses have the prefix fc00::/7.
  
  And, other than unicast addresses, IPv6 supports anycast and multicast addresses.
  
  Anycast Address – An anycast address identifies a set of interfaces. If a router receives an IPv6 packet with an anycast address as the destination address, the router finds out the nearest host using routing protocol and delivers the packet to the nearest host.
  
  Multicast Address – A multicast address also identifies a set of interfaces on different hosts. If an IPv6 packet contains a multicast address as the destination address, the IPv6 packet is delivered to all interfaces that are assigned that particular multicast address. Multicast addresses have the prefix ff00::/8.
  
  IPv6 does not support broadcast addresses.
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