When a network packet travels from one router to another, each router looks at the network layer header that contains a source IP address and a destination IP address and takes routing decisions based on that. Each router analyzes the packet header and chooses the...
Attackers often make Denial of Service (DoS) attacks using malformed packets, spoofing, or reflection techniques. But, making DoS attack using such techniques often take lots of resources for the attackers. HTTP Flood is a type of layer 7 DoS attack in which attackers...
An Offline Root Certificate Authority is a Certificate Authority (CA) that does not have network access and is kept in the powered-down state. Why do we need an Offline Root CA and how does an Offline Root CA work? In this article, we would discuss that in detail....
We use a chain of multiple certificates to verify the public key of an end entity. A certificate chain is an ordered list of certificates that enables a client to verify the end entity’s public key. How does the verification of digital certificates work? In this...
Spamming is one of the most serious threats today. Every day numerous spam messages are sent by spammers and the objective of these spammers is to make the recipients open the messages, click on a link and buy their products or services. Many times links or...
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